Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing Essay

Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing - Essay Example Various functions of the business can be outsourced. The function which are most popular in outsourcing are IT functions, customer care, human resource, financial functions, marketing function etc. Nike the famous sports accessories company had outsourced the work of manufacturing shoes to countries like India and China as this will reduce the cost is an example of outsourcing. Off shoring is also a type of outsourcing. When a company outsources its work to other companies which are situated in different countries is known as off shoring. The main off shoring companies are Price Waterhouse Coopers, HSBC, TCS, Wipro, IBM, Capgemini, Genpact etc. the various type of outsourcing are business process outsourcing, knowledge process outsourcing, finance and accounting outsourcing, legal process outsourcing, human resource process outsourcing etc. Outsourcing has resulted in increase in the number of employment. The process of outsourcing mainly consists of four stages they are 1) identifyi ng whether outsourcing is required by the company 2) identifying and selecting the activities which can be outsourced 3) developing the contract 4) delegating the authority to the service provider so that the working can be smooth. The contract contains mainly three things they are the price at which the service will be provided, the legal terms and condition and the service level agreement. Outsourcing can be done by function, region and industry. 2. Growing Importance of Outsourcing With every passing day outsourcing is becoming popular. As per a study conducted by Capgemini more than 70% of executives think that in today’s competitive world outsourcing is important for survival. About 70% executives feel that savings made by outsourcing can be used for growth and 60% feel that flexibility can be achieved through outsourcing. Companies in manufacturing sectors prefer outsourcing more than the companies in service sector. The decisions of outsourcing are taken after assessin g the profitability and companies, ability to grow. Companies who do outsourcing can invest their savings for future growth and innovation. Thus these companies are in better position than the companies who do not do outsourcing as they can save less than the former ones (Brady, 2011). Outsourcing helps the company not only to save money but also to achieve expert service. The firms who do the outsourced work have the human resource who are specialised to do that particular work. In this way the company can utilise expert skill that to without making any capital investment. Thus through outsourcing companies achieve reduction in cost as well as quality service. This is the main reason of growing popularity of outsourcing. Outsourcing is becoming a major business activity which has the potential of becoming an industry. In figure 1 we can see the growth of outsourcing in different sectors. As per the figure about 61% of outsourcing is done in software development, 58% in website and e- commerce, 55% in hosted application, 53% in disaster recovery service and 32% in data centre operations. The use of outsourcing has been increased most in software development organisations. There is almost 14% increase in outsourcing in website and e-commerce sector. The second largest increase in outsourcing is in hosted applications sector. In help desk activities there is no decrease in outsourcing. Thus one can find that every sector is involved in outsourcing. The activities outsourced ranges from

Workplace Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Workplace Law - Case Study Example Hence all the laws and regulations related to awards, state or federal industrial laws are applicable and can be enforced, in case of such contracts (CCH Australia, 2010). For the purpose of this case study, the contractual true nature of contractual relationship of Jane Jones and TMMS will be studied from the perspective of Common Law, and the various legal issues pertaining to the case will be discussed, by application of principles and facts of the said case. The various legal issues, as pertains to the Common Law, related to this case are listed below: 1. Breach of implied duty of mutual trust and confidence In accordance with the proceedings and decision arrived at by the Supreme Court of Australia, in the McDonald v State of South Australia, it was established that the elements such as mutual trust and confidence are an integral and inevitable part of employment contracts. The judiciary in Australia uses the implied term of trust and confidence in order to create an obligation on the part of the employers so as to instill an interest of fairness. It is described as "an implied obligation of good faith". It was observed in the case of Concut Pty Ltd v Worrel, that "the ordinary relationship of an employer and employee at common law is one importing implied duties of loyalty, honesty, confidentiality and mutual trust" (Aras, Crowther, 2010, pp. 517; Brodie, 2010, pp. 166). In this case, TMMS summoned Jane and made sudden changes in the contract, which included terms and conditions which were unfair to her, and did not seek to protect her interests at work. One of the implied rules of common law states that the employees be treated in a fair manner, while the terms and conditions and the abrupt changes made, were both unfair and unjust for Jane. The employer in this case had an implied obligation to treat their employees fairly and be honest and truthful to them. Furthermore, the employer is also required to practice and apply the elements of confidentiality and strive to maintain mutual trust. But in this case, TMMS decided to restructure its organization and did not take their employees into confidence prior to making any changes to their employment terms, and instead added clauses which were unjust and unfair to them. 2. Refusing to sign, negotiate, extend or vary an AWA Under Common Law, neither the employer nor the employee has the right to unilaterally alter the terms and conditions of an employment contract. Any such alteration must be done through mutual discussion and agreement, else it would be deemed illegal. The employer must obtain a valid consent of the employee prior to changing any of the terms of the employment contract and cannot do so just by serving a notice. Furthermore, it has also been stated under the Common Law, that the courts and tribunals will consider an agreement received by the employer, as illegal if the consequence of non-compliance or non-acceptance to sign the renewed contract is dismissal with immedi ate effect. In such a situation, the courts will deem such changes to the contract / agreement as unfair and adverse to the interest of the employees (Lewis & Sargeant, 2004, pp. 136). In this case, the employer TMMS, not only changed the terms of contract unilaterally, but also failed to discuss or negotiate the newly added terms with the employee. Furthermore, when specifically asked for more time to consider the said changes, TMMS openly stated that it is a â€Å"take it or leave it† situation, and implied that refusing to accept the said changes, would automatically result in termination of the contract. Such harsh terms and conditions not only broke the implied rule of mutual trust and

My Philosophy of Education Leadership Personal Statement - 1

My Philosophy of Education Leadership - Personal Statement Example Proper administration and leadership of schools becomes important in this perspective. To be specific, according to the 21st century view point, there are certain values which a school administrator should follow in order to ensure that the education is being imparted properly and also to make sure that the knowledge lines are kept up to date. The leader of a school must have a clear picture about the educational system and he must be able to provide the environment for effective impartment of knowledge to the students. The proverb says, â€Å"Leader knows the way and leader shows the way.† In other words, the administrator must be able to properly guide the teachers so as to ensure the proper learning of the pupils, and, at the same time, he must be a source of positive vibrations for the students. He must be able to encourage them to learn their topics well and to teach them to pursue their own good careers. He must be dedicated to inculcate a good character in every pupil while making one a knowledge-rich person. There is an opinion that â€Å"the practice of educational leadership is a form of philosophy in action, that is an area of philosophical practice† (Codd, 1989, p.157). The administrator should have a clear picture about what is being taught and how things must be taught. Proper knowledge in these areas is essential to impart education in a proper way. You can guide someone only if you know the right way. Therefore, thorough knowledge about the curriculum becomes an essential requirement as far as a school administrator is concerned. He should also have subtle knowledge about modern teaching methodologies which inevitably incorporate technology in education. The administration and staff of an educational institution must work as a team in order to provide proper knowledge to the children. The administrator must be keen in enhancing the skills and subject knowledge of the teachers and keep them updated. Seminars and workshops should be arranged

Common Difficulties Encountered in Academic Writing Essay

Common Difficulties Encountered in Academic Writing - Essay Example For me, writing can be really difficult at times because the act itself is solitary. It comes from within us. We concentrate on planning and thinking on how to transform our complex thoughts into an organized written text. For instance, when I write argumentative essays, there are abstract concepts that I need to explain using my own words and this makes writing difficult for me. Sometimes, I would find myself staring at a blank paper for hours because I do not know how to start the topic I am working. I would have difficulty in coming up with solid arguments for my essay topic. Even though I have read a lot about the theme of the essay, I still have trouble translating what I have read into writing. Worse, when I get to start writing, I would it difficult to end the topic. It is as if I am going nowhere when I start my writing task. Moreover, in the middle of the work, I would get distracted because sometimes I would be confused in grammatical rules especially when I construct complex sentences. Also, the rules in punctuation and spelling would confuse me a lot, especially when I would try to write longer sentences. Indeed, I am very conscious of all the technicalities in grammar, punctuation, and vocabulary when I start to write. However, amidst all these difficulties I encountered in writing, I have remained patient in re-writing and editing my drafts to come up with a presentable essay. I have learned that there are methods that would make writing easier for beginning writer and that is to have a plan. In this class, I have learned the process of pre-writing, writing, revising, and editing in order to get my essays done. Prewriting would mean that I have to jot down all the ideas I have, regardless of my ideas are correct or not. Writing an outline would then help me in organizing my thoughts and ideas.

Seamus Heaney’s poem “Blackberry Picking’ Essay Example for Free

Seamus Heaney’s poem â€Å"Blackberry Picking’ Essay In Seamus Heaney’s poem â€Å"Blackberry Picking’ the poet vividly recreates a seemingly unimportant event in which he goes blackberry picking as a child. However by the end of the poem this experience acquires increased significance. Throughout Heaney’s description of this event we are made aware of the theme, Heaney’s childhood hopes and dreams in contrast to the harsh realities of life. This theme is effectively conveyed through the tone of excitement and anticipation in the first stanza while picking the berries, which transforms into an atmosphere of disappointment and regret in the second stanza as the berries have rotted. Heaney is able to develop this supposed insignificant event using techniques such as language, sentence structure, imagery, contrast and tone in order to create sympathy within the reader and allow them to reflect upon the transient nature of childhood ideals. During the first half of the poem Heaney makes no attempt to sentimentalise the event that is Blackberry picking, as we can tell when he writes, ‘Our hands were peppered with thorn pricks,† the recurring plosive ‘p’ sound in this sentence allows us to hear the skin of his hands being punctured yet still we can tell that young Heaney was enthralled by Blackberry Picking. The first stanza of the poem also has numerous examples of youthful imagery. The boy anxiously awaits the first glossy purple clot,’ almost jewel like, conveying how significant and majestic these berries were to the young Heaney. He uses this metaphor in order to compare the blackberries to blood, a live-giving force that is full of goodness. Some of the blackberries are green, hard as a knot and this image portrays the boy himself, young and innocent, not yet mature himself. The blood imagery continues throughout the poem with summers blood illustrating a dominance of the colour red t hroughout. The reader associates these images of vibrant red with vitality and life, as is Heaney’s intention, to accurately portray to the reader the sheer excitement of childhood, in stark contrast with the reality to come in the second stanza. The second half of the poem describes how the blackberries rot and there is a noticeable change in tone from youthful exuberance to frustration and disappointment. The image of the boy finding the rotting blackberries is described using alliteration; we found a fur a rat-grey fungus, the harsh fricative f sound illustrates the tone of frustration and disappointment within Heaney which is also transferred to the reader through this shocking visual image which everyone can identify with. The fungus is likened to the fur of a grey rat, an image that is not appealing and directly contrasts with the previous descriptions of thickened wine where the flesh was sweet. Heaney uses visual imagery such as this in order to immerse the reader in a sensual experience so that they almost feel as if they are there in the moment with Heaney and will thus be subject to feeling the same disappointment Heaney feels in the last stanza. Towards the end of the poem we are made aware of how significant this memory is to Heaney. Heaney conveys an emotional reaction when the berries rot: â€Å"I always felt like crying,† Heaney’s tone at this point shows his absolute devastation as it is such a simple sentence, made emphatic by the fact it has been put at the start of the line. This line is also the first time Heaney has used ‘I’ which personalises the statement, making the reader feel closer to the author, as if he is confiding in us. Using the word â€Å"always† suggests that this great excitement followed by disappointment is an annual occurrence for Heaney and so the reader must also feel disappointment when presented with the idea that this disappointment is part of a cycle. In the final line of the poem Heaney’s character conveys the significance of his childhood experience picking blackberries. He introduces an air of naivety when he says, â€Å"Each year I hoped they’d keep, knew they would not.† Heaney uses a paradox here to highlight his sense of naivety as he continuously hopes for a way to make the berries last each year, through this line we can tell that, although aware the poem was an elegy throughout, â€Å"knew they would not,† allows the reader to understand that this is not a traditional Christian elegy in that there is no consolation for Heaney, he is aware that as an adult he cannot recapture his halcyon days, but he cannot accept it, which is evident through the abrupt finality of his last statement. In conclusion, it is evident that Heaney uses a variety of contrasting ideas, imagery and sentence structure in order to his feelings of disappointment to the reader in this poem. Through the contrast between the ripe and rotting blackberries and the youthful enthusiasm transformed into bitter disappointment, Heaney manages to convey the reader, the idea of the transience of the halcyon days during childhood which are never seen with the same excitement through an adult’s eyes and although we are led to acknowledge this disappointment, we are not encouraged by the author to accept it, thus the final tone and lasting impression of the poem is one of disappointment that the ideals of childhood cannot be reclaimed and that with age, comes an unwanted but realistic perspective.

Religion Essays Anselm and Descartes

Religion Essays Anselm and Descartes Anselm Descartes Religion Anselm and Descartes The debate regarding the existence of God has lasted for centuries. Man’s quest to establish the validity of God’s existence remains ongoing till this day. Saint Anselm and Rene Descartes were two thinkers who left a lasting impression from their philosophical works on the existence of God. Both men strived to prove the existence of God using rational and logical argumentation. Stylistically they differ, yet both share a cohesion of interest in which their common objective is to use philosophical reasoning to derive an â€Å"Ontological Argument† which favors the existence of God. Saint Anselm lived during 1033-1109, the prime of the Middle Ages. He was a devoted Christian who contributed significant works in theology and philosophy. As a faithful Christian, he yearned for a rational interpretation that proved the existence of God. The Augustinian phrase sums this idea; â€Å"faith seeking understanding† (Baird 322). In Anselm’s â€Å"Proslogion† he develops the â€Å"Ontological Argument† attempting to prove God’s existence. Anselm states that God is a being â€Å"in which nothing greater can be conceived.† He significantly quotes, the Psalms 13:1; â€Å"the Fool says in his heart, ‘There is no God.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He addresses this issue because he wants to prove the relevance of his prior statement, â€Å"we believe you to be something greater than which nothing greater can be conceived.† The Fool described in Psalms can comprehend this statement even if he is unsure that what he understands exists. Therefore, a major distinction is drawn by Anselm; â€Å"it is one thing for something to be in the understanding and quite another to understand that the thing in question exists† (Baird 325). Thus, the â€Å"Fool† can be convinced by his understanding that there is â€Å"something than which nothing greater can be conceived.† Anselm goes even further by arguing that â€Å"something in which nothing greater can be conceived† not only exists in the understanding, but can also be thought as existing in reality. Consequently, Anselm maintains, â€Å"without a doubt then there exists both in understanding and in reality a being greater than which nothing can be conceived† (Baird 325). Anselm develops his argument further by claiming that because such a thing exists, that thing cannot be thought of as not existing. Moreover, an interesting point is made by Anselm when he says, â€Å"It is possible indeed to think of anything other than you as nonexistent.† In other words, Anselm is trying to say that all other things can be thought of as not existing, but God has a perfect existence in which it is impossible to claim nonexistent because then it would be paradoxical. The measure of Gods existence supersedes all others because nothing greater can be conceived. Anselm once again discusses the fool who says in his heart that there is no God. Reason being, he wants to illustrate the connection between â€Å"to say in ones heart† and to think. The fool said in his heart that God did not exist, yet the same fool conceived a being greater than any other. Therefore, to say in ones heart is equal to thinking because to say in ones heart, one must first think. This also holds true for the reversal, if he does not think, than he does not say it in his heart. Thinking is initiated in two senses according to Anselm. In the first sense, thinking is signaled by a word that describes the thing. In the second sense, thinking is created when one thinks of the actual thing itself. Thus, from the perspective of the first sense it can be true that God does not exist. From the second sense, the denial of the existence of God is impossible because the thing itself has been thought or conceived. Since Descartes’ â€Å"Fifth Mediation† was written many years after Anselm’s â€Å"Ontological Argument† it becomes apparent, at least in one sense that Descartes refers indirectly to arguments established in Anselm’s â€Å"Ontological Argument.† This relationship or connection can be seen in both arguments as the idea of God’s â€Å"perfect existence.† Descartes however, in my opinion delves into the concept of perfect existence candidly. Whereas Anselm, attributes this perfect existence in his statement â€Å"we believe you to be something greater than which nothing grater can be conceived.† Regardless of the methods used they both attribute perfection to this supreme, eternal Being. Additionally, Descartes argument regarding the existence of God is not presupposed by faith like Anselm’s. Rather, Descartes begins his argument in a different manner then Anselm, speaking nothing about prior faith in God’s existence. He begins the â€Å"Fifth Meditation† by explaining how he has the ability to conceive in his mind a vast array of different shapes and dimensions. Even if these figments which he has created within his mind do not actual exist outside of his mind, they still contain immutable and eternal properties. A triangle is used by Descartes to elaborate upon this issue. He argues that even if the triangle did not exist outside of his mind it still contains indisputable properties. Therefore, once these properties are conceived clearly and distinctly they must be completely true. Like the triangle, the idea of a supremely perfect being exists in both our mind and Descartes. This idea does not differ from that of the triangle in any sense because each contains a nature or property. Descartes clearly and distinctly observes that Gods existence belongs to his nature, like a figure or number whose nature belongs to that figure or number. Descartes agrees that God can be thought of as not existing. This means, one can segregate his existence from his essential properties. Furthermore, this ability to separate existence and essence is also present within all other things examined according to Descartes. However, with closer inspection and with greater attention given to this notion Descartes discovered that, â€Å"we can no more separate the existence of God from his essence than we can separate from the essence of a rectilinear triangle the fact that the size of its three angles equals two right angles† (Baird 430). In other words, with other things we can separate the existence from the properties because the other things are not of a perfect being like God. Both Anselm and Descartes both use the premise of God as not existing, to prove his existence. They formulate their argument in this way because with closer inspection they refute the thought of God not existing because God has a perfect existence, and to claim that a perfect Being does not exist in reality would be â€Å"self contradictory† (Baird 430). Thus, according to Anselm and Descartes, a perfect Being must exist in both the mind and in reality since its existence is eternal, immutable, and perfect. In addition, Descartes maintains that he cannot think of God without existence any more than he can think of a mountain without a valley. Even though a necessary characteristic of a mountain is that it be contiguous to a valley, â€Å"it doesnt follow that any mountains or valleys exist.† Similarly, even though a supremely perfect being possesses certain attributes, it does not coincide with the existence of that being. Consequently Descartes says, â€Å"From the fact alone that I cannot conceive God except as existing, it follows that existence is inseparable from him, and consequently that he does, in truth, exist† (Barid 430) This acknowledgment of Gods existence is made by Descartes namely because God â€Å"possesses all sorts of perfections†, existence being one of them. Descartes then continues addressing an objection in regards to his prior argument. Consequently, he says that it is not necessary for him to suppose the thought of God, yet once he does think of God, then existence is necessary. This follows and is no different from it not being necessary for one to suppose something that is false. Descartes uses the inscription of a rhombus into a circle to illustrate this issue. â€Å"It is not necessary to think that all four sided figures can be inscribed in a circle; but if we suppose that I do have this idea, I am forced to admit that a rhombus can be inscribed in one, since it is a four sided figure, and by this I will be forced to admit what is clearly false† (Baird 431). Therefore, to Descartes one must not say, that even though it is not necessary for one to think of God, when one does think of the idea of a supreme being you are necessarily attributing an array of perfections. Thus, once it has been recognized that existence is perfection, one must conclude that this Supreme Being actually exists. Therefore, a distinction has been made by Descartes; there are many differences between false assumptions and true innate ideas, namely the thought of God. According to Descartes, this idea is not â€Å"imaginary or fictitious† because God is the only thing that can be conceived as having a â€Å"true and immutable nature.† There have been many attempts to refute the arguments of Anselm and Descartes. However, because of the rational and logical sequence that both follow in their arguments it has become increasingly difficult for others to prove these claims erroneous. Regardless, both men have provided invaluable documentation regarding the possibility of God’s existence in our minds and in reality. Even atheists find these arguments hard to refute because both thinkers cleverly used the thought of God as not existing, to prove that God, in his perfection does actually exist in our minds and in reality. Work Cited Baird, Forrest E., Walter Kauffmann. From Plato to Derrida. Forth ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2003.

The issues faced by Greyhound Lines

The issues faced by Greyhound Lines Greyhound Lines, Inc. is the one and only countrywide contributor of intercity bus service in the United States. Its task force of 2,400 buses brings further than 22.5 million travelers every year in excess of a road system that lengthen for further than 75,000 miles. Greyhound schedule to further than 2,600 destinations, with 18,000 on a daily basis leaving. Additionally to its programmed traveler services, the corporation suggests charter bus service, express package service in the course of Greyhound Package Express, and food service at a number of its workstation. Greyhound is also caught up in cross-border bus service throughout joint ventures with Mexican transportation businesses. The bus company that develops into Greyhound was created in 1913 by Carl Earl Wickman. The secret to Wickmans early on achievement was making best use of ridership, which took the appearance of padding 18 miners into a seven-passenger Hupmobile. Wickmans revenues start on to boost, and he took on bus iness buddies who lend a hand for him in supply funds in bigger bus SUMMARY Greyhound Lines is the nations largest bus company. However, they face a big problem when they start to introduce computerization system in the business. The problem became a major problem to their company because they took the wrong part in making decision just to increase profit and customer service. The top level manager face financial problems by introducing computerize system in their business without taking into the middle level managers opinion. Greyhound was facing non-programmed decision problem where the top level managers take a precise solution for an exceptional problem. The software called Trips software. There were problems such as the customers dont have credit card or telephone to make use of Trip software. Furthermore, the software sometimes not working and it take time to print the ticket out, this make the customer frustrated for waiting in line for so long. Was the decision facing Greyhound executives programmed or non-programmed? Programmed decision means resolution previously obtainable from earlier period knowledge to resolve troubles that are well-known, clear-cut, and obvious with value to information requirements. These judgments relate finest to problems that are subject of custom, even though it is not unsurprising but they can predict. However, non-programmed decision means relate precise way out ability for an only one of its kind problem. the majority problems handle by advanced rank manager are of this kind, with the problems frequently concerning alternative of tactic and purpose in situation of some doubt. Therefore, Greyhound is facing non-programmed decision. There are three type of non-programmed decision such as re-organization, computerization, and improve customer services. Firstly, re-organization means a renovation of a company business, as well as a obvious transform in resources formation, over and over again subsequent a disappointment and receivership or liquidation trusteeship. Greyhound Lines face re-organization when they introduced computerize system in their business. Some of their customers dont know how to use a credit card or telephone to call to book a ticket for them. This have cause the operators receive many calls from their customer about they dont know how to use the software and they cant get access to the Trip software. Secondly, computerization is a factor of non-programmed. Computerization means to control, perform, process, or store (a system, operation, or information) by means of or in an electronic computer or computers. The customer cant access to the software so they customer directly come to the ticket selling place to buy the ticket. However, when the customers try to buy the ticket, they have to wait for 5 minute and 45 second to the computer to process and print the ticket. These causes the number of customer wait to buy ticket decrease because they feel angry to wait for so long to buy a ticket. Thirdly, Greyhound also has to improve customer service to solve the problem that the company is facing now. Customer services means expanding our thinking about customer service; if were going to consistently exceed customers expectations, we have to recognize that every aspect of our business has an impact on customer service, not just those aspects of our business that involve face-to-face customer contact. Greyhound has been overwhelmed by plentiful customer criticism, as well as constantly not on time buses, impolite employees, unhygienic services, insecure environment, mechanical breakdown and accidents. Buses have been recognized to get there quite a lot of hours after their programmed arrival time and employees have been unconcerned and even orally insulting of passengers who ask over for assist. This is one of the reason that the top level decide to introduce computerize system. In conclusion, There are three type of non-programmed decision such as re-organization, computerization, and improve customer services. Greyhound can learn from the experiences of others to solve this problem. Two very common mistakes company make when breakdown organizational change are they try to manage on their own and they fall short to advantage from the knowledge of others. Thousands of bus organizations maybe have faced circumstances similar to Greyhound. So they can try to have a discussion to these knowledgeable people. Pick their intelligence. Discover out what other people in Parallel Corporation are responsible to deal with downsizings or development. They also can study books and articles about these problems. QUESTION 2 Do you think Greyhound should have used the classical, administrative, or political model to make decision? Which do you believe it used? Discuss. Provide examples to justify your answer. The classical management approaches focal point on budding general standard for applies in a variety of organization circumstances. However, administrative management approaches means center of attention on human being requirements, the work group and the position of community feature in the place of work. In the other hand, political management approaches means focus on put into operation mathematical method for administration of crisis solving. Greyhound uses classical model then the other two models. There are three types of classical approaches such as scientific management, administrative principle, and bureaucratic organization. Firstly, scientific management means highlight cautious selection and training of workers, and decision-making support. This management is found by Frederick Taylor and Frank and Lilian Gilbreth. There four guiding action principles that Greyhound have used to improve their business. First of all, develop for each job a science that contain regulations of movement, consistent work progression and appropriate working circumstance, then they have to choose workers with the exact skill for the occupation, cautiously coach workers to do the job and offer them the suitable encouragement to work together with the job science, and maintain workers by carefully scheduling their job and by level the method as they go regarding their jobs. Greyhound should plan properly for the employees to what have to be done in specific given time. Greyhound should make the employees feel like home in their working place so that the employees do the work in time. Secondly, administrative principle is based on effort to file and be aware of the skill of victorious managers. This principle developed by Henry Fayol and Mary Parker Follet. There five important point in this principle. First of all, Greyhound have to foresight which means they have to complete a plan of action for the expectations where they should have plan A and plan B so that if one plan fail then they can go for the second plan. Then, Greyhound has to offer and assemble resources to implement the plan. So Greyhound has to be preparing in financial way and equity way to achieve their future plan. Furthermore, Greyhound has to control to guide, decide on, and appraise workers to get the most excellent work towards the plan for example employees is one of the most important source that going make these idea into reality so Greyhound has to very careful in choosing their employees so that Greyhound can move into future plan then just sit around worrying about employees attitudes t o customers. Moreover, coordination and control can make sure the work goes according to the plan. Thirdly, bureaucratic organization is a balanced and well-organized structure of organization establish on common sense, regulate and lawful power. There are five factors in bureaucratic such as clear division of labor, clear hierarchy of authority, formal rules and procedures, impersonality, and career based on merit. Greyhound have to define very clearly what the employees have to do then the worker have to report to higher level people after that the higher level people have to a report of the work. If the employees follow the rules and regulation properly and did their work then the managers have to reward the employees to boost the employees to do better than now. In conclusion, Greyhound has to plan properly, if they want to invent computerization in the company. Employees is one of the most important people in making the company success internal so Greyhound have to give time to for the employees to celebrate their accomplishments. Futhermore, there are Christmas festivity in December to do party and the yearly corporation picnic in the summer for the employees to enjoy their movement with their higher level people. This can be surprised for Greyhound on how a great deal of a difference this can create. QUESTION 3 Analyze the Greyhound case in terms of the steps in the managerial decision making process. Do you think top executive paid adequate attention to all the steps? I f you were a Greyhound, what would you do now and why? Decision making means the procedure of making selection among other path of action. There are five stepladders in decision making which is very important for business. This decision creation representation in five steps is a common but extremely successful outline for making decisions and put an end to problems. This discipline will help prevent Greyhound from receiving unfocused on a number of small elements of the significant steps leading to a decision. Firstly, Greyhound has to identity and defines the problem that they are facing. In anticipation of Greyhound have an obviously thoughtful of the dilemma or decision to be made, it is worthless to continue. If the problem is stated the wrong way or indistinguishably then Greyhounds result will be incorrect. Greyhound didnt consider what the middle manager is thinking such as the employees are very rude to the customer, then Greyhound implement computerize system to solve the first problem, however, the top level didnt think about the customer who dont know how to use the software and Greyhound didnt test the software before implementing which cause the customer cant buy ticket in that software. Moreover, after everything being computerizes the customer have to wait so long in queue to buy ticket for their journey. Secondly, Greyhound has to generate and evaluate possible solution to solve the problem that they are facing. Greyhound should have know that there is possible whether to do it or dont do it when they want to implement something new in the business. Most of the time Greyhound should know that there will possible substitute for their decision. It is worth for Greyhound doing research to ensure whether they have as many good alternatives as possible. For example, Greyhound implement customer service to take care of the customer problem with the employees or Greyhound can send the entire employee to a course which teaches them how to be polite to customer. Furthermore, if Greyhound wants to implement computerize system in their business then they should test all the software available in market before choosing one of the software which is the best one. Thirdly, Greyhound has to choose a solution to solve the problem. Then main problem is the employees treated the customer very badly and implementing computerizes system so Greyhound can have a department especially for the customer to complain about their dissatisfaction and Greyhound has to do research first before choosing software. Then Greyhound has to implement the solution which means they have to put their plan into work. Finally, they have to evaluate the result whether it satisfied the customer. Greyhound can do survey whether the customer satisfied with the service that they provide. As customer is the most important people in helping the business increase their revenue. CONCLUSION In conclusion, although Greyhound faces a serious problem in introducing computerize system in their business especially Trip software which cause Greyhound suffer losses in their business. However, they still manage to overcome the problem by changing high-speed Kodak scanners are used to scan the large volume of data. This optimized high-speed scanning software was developed by Combined Computer Resources, Inc which helps Greyhound overcome their problem and increase the business profit. Being creative is one of the most excellent habits to deal with managerial transform is to rev up the managers natural powers for creative intervention. Most problems are amenable to creative, innovative solutions. The only things that frequently persist in this resolution from occur is the Greyhounds own inner obstacle and nature obligatory boundaries. Creative crisis resolve all the time contain jeopardy. Suggesting fresh thought summons disapproval from others. What if the plans not succeed? Wha t if business losses take place? What if things wind up worse than previously? They got to be enthusiastic to understand such risks if they are going to be free to think creatively. (1800 words)